Kidney problems are on the rise, and dietary modifications can play a crucial role in managing the condition. As a registered dietitian, I often guide my clients on dietary guidelines that can help prevent or manage kidney problems. In this blog, I will discuss the dietary guidelines for kidney problems, including the foods to eat and avoid, and their benefits. These dietary recommendations are for people suffering from kidney problems, particularly those with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and will help improve their kidney function and overall health.
Restrict Sodium and Potassium Intake
Sodium and potassium are minerals that help in various body functions. However, people with kidney problems should be cautious with their intake of these minerals. Too much sodium intake raises blood pressure and can worsen kidney problems. On the other hand, high potassium levels can lead to dangerous conditions like arrhythmias. Therefore, it’s imperative to regulate sodium and potassium consumption. The recommended sodium intake is less than 2300 mg per day, while potassium is recommended between 2000-3000 mg per day, depending on the stage of the kidney disease.
Increase Intake of Fruits and Vegetables
Fruits and vegetables are rich in nutrients, vitamins, antioxidants and are low in sodium content, which is excellent for kidney patients. Moreover, fruits and vegetables contain phytochemicals that protect against heart disease, diabetes, and other chronic diseases that often go hand in hand with kidney problems. However, patients with kidney problems must choose their fruits and vegetables carefully, as some of them contain high potassium, such as bananas, oranges, and tomatoes. Therefore, individuals with kidney problems should follow a balanced diet with low potassium fruits and vegetables, such as apples, berries, green beans, and asparagus.
Monitor Protein Intake
Protein is essential in maintaining muscle mass and general body function. On the other hand, high protein diets can overburden the kidneys leading to proteinuria and faster decline of the kidney function. Hence, it is recommended that people with CKD should reduce their protein intake. The intake of protein varies depending on the stage of the kidney disease. In the early stages of the disease, protein intake should range between 0.8-1 gm/kg of body weight per day, while in the later stages, it might be higher.
Limit Phosphorus Intake
Phosphorus is an essential mineral found in foods, and the kidneys help regulate its levels. However, people with kidney problems have difficulty regulating their phosphorus levels, leading to a buildup of phosphorus in the body. High phosphorus levels can lead to bone disease and dangerous complications such as calcification of the blood vessels. Therefore, people with kidney problems should limit their intake of high-phosphorus foods such as milk, cheese and yoghurt. Instead, they should opt for lower-phosphorus dairy products, such as unsweetened almond milk.
Drink Plenty of Water
Water is essential to keep the kidneys healthy and functioning, and it provides adequate hydration for the body. Dehydration can cause kidney problems and reduce kidney function. Therefore, people with kidney problems should ensure that they are drinking enough water to keep the kidneys functioning correctly. A general guideline is to aim for at least eight glasses of water per day or more, depending on your body weight.
Managing kidney problems with diet can go a long way in reducing the progression of the disease and improving the overall health of the patient. It is essential to speak with a registered dietitian or a healthcare professional to help create a personalized plan that suits an individual’s needs and specific stage of kidney disease. By implementing the above dietary guidelines, individuals can ensure they are reducing the risk of kidney disease and working towards a healthier lifestyle with the right balance of nutrition, along with the medical care.
If you have any questions or would like to explore further, please book a free, no-charge online appointment with a Kitchener dietitian at CARESPACE. We are happy to listen and are here to help!
